When patients receive medical treatment or undergo a surgical procedure, they often receive multiple bills for different aspects of their care. One of these bills may be for anesthesia, the part of the medical procedure that protects patients from feeling…
Around 80% of surgeons experience strain or pain as a result of performing open and laparoscopic operations [1]. This discomfort is largely attributed to the postures required of surgeons during procedures [1]. To eliminate this occupation hazard, many researchers have…
Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) is a common general anesthesia technique in which anesthetic agents are given intravenously via a syringe pump, circumventing the use of inhalation agents. Frequently used alongside TIVA, target controlled infusion (TCI) is an algorithm-based, user-friendly method of…
Delirium after anesthesia, also known as emergence delirium (ED) is a clinical condition in which patients have alterations to their attention, awareness, and perceptions. In children, this often results in behavioral disturbances such as crying, sobbing, thrashing and disorientation [1].…
Current CDC guidelines continue to advise persons who test positive for COVID-19 to isolate for a minimum of five days (4). While the CDC defines the start of isolation as the date of symptom onset, organizations such as schools and…
A “soft drug” is an active compound that can easily be transformed into an inactive metabolite in the body [1]. Anesthesiology requires careful consideration of three axes: safety, effectiveness, and efficiency [2]. In medical practice, the third axis (efficiency) is…
Ensuring a swift discharge after surgery is important for patient outcomes and helps reduce health care costs 1. A number of factors can influence time to discharge following surgery, ranging from anesthesia to perioperative workflow. First, even after controlling for…
Data from the Bureau of Labor and Statistics reveal that hospital prices have increased over 2% annually in the past decade, placing in hospital spending and costs in the U.S. today at an all-time high 1. This has ushered in –…
The most important determinant of organ transplantation compatibility, the ABO blood type system characterizes human blood into four groups — A, B, O, and AB — based on the presence of immunological molecules within the blood. These molecules include antigens…
Since the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in China in 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has infected nearly 500 million people around the world, resulting in 6 million deaths (1). Despite the common respiratory symptoms of the viral infection, COVID-19 affects…